Which term describes a sac formed by the lining of the abdominal cavity that protrudes through a hole or weak area in the fascia?

• A. Gastritis
• B. Hepatitis C
• C. Hernia
• D. Hydronephrosis

Answer: (C)

A hernia describes a protrusion of tissue or an organ through a defect or weak spot in the abdominal wall, and it is enclosed by a sac formed by the lining of the abdominal cavity (the peritoneum). This matches the description given: a sac formed by the lining of the abdominal cavity that pushes through a hole or weak area in the fascia. The other terms involve inflammation of organs (gastritis for the stomach, hepatitis C for the liver) or dilation of the kidney due to obstruction (hydronephrosis), none of which describe a protrusion through the abdominal wall. So the correct term is hernia.