Which procedure examines the colon and terminal ileum via colonoscope?

• A. Sigmoidoscopy
• B. Anoscopy
• C. Colonoscopy
• D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Answer: (C)

The test is about identifying an endoscopic procedure that visualizes the colon and can reach the terminal ileum using a colonoscope. A colonoscopy uses a long, flexible instrument inserted through the anus to examine the entire colon—from the rectum up to the cecum—and, when feasible, to intubate the terminal ileum. This makes it the appropriate method for evaluating conditions affecting the colon and terminal ileum, and it also allows taking biopsies and performing therapeutic interventions.

In contrast, sigmoidoscopy examines only the rectum and part of the sigmoid colon, not the full colon or terminal ileum. Anoscopy focuses on the anal canal. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy looks at the upper GI tract—the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum—not the colon.