What term describes collection of air in the space around the lungs that puts pressure on the lung and impedes expansion?

• A. Embolism
• B. Pleural Effusion
• C. Pneumothorax
• D. Croup

Answer: (C)

Air in the pleural space around the lungs disrupts the negative pressure that normally keeps the lung expanded, so the lung collapses or cannot expand fully. This collection of air in the pleural space is called pneumothorax. It’s different from embolism (a clot in a vessel), pleural effusion (fluid in the pleural space), and croup (upper airway inflammation). In exam, you might hear decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side and a hyperresonant percussion note.