What does the abbreviation CKD stand for?

• A. Chronic Kidney Dysfunction
• B. Chronic Kinetic Disorder
• C. Chronic Kidney Disease
• D. Congenital Kidney Disorder

Answer: (C)

Recognizing common medical abbreviations is what this item tests. CKD stands for Chronic Kidney Disease, the standard term for a long-term decline in kidney function. The word choices line up this way: “Chronic” means the condition lasts three months or more, “Kidney” refers to the organ affected, and “Disease” indicates a health condition rather than a temporary issue. The other phrases don’t fit the established terminology: Chronic Kidney Dysfunction isn’t the conventional label used in medical literature, Chronic Kinetic Disorder uses an inappropriate word, and Congenital Kidney Disorder implies a condition present at birth rather than a chronic disease state that may develop over time. In practice, CKD is defined by persistent kidney damage or reduced function for at least 3 months, with staging based on eGFR and markers like albuminuria.