The consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by scarring leading to loss of liver function.

• A. Hepatitis
• B. Fibrosis
• C. Cirrhosis
• D. Jaundice

Answer: (C)

Cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver disease, where ongoing injury causes extensive scarring (fibrosis) and distortion of the liver’s architecture. This scar tissue and nodular regeneration disrupt normal blood flow and bile drainage, leading to a progressive loss of liver function. Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver and isn’t the scarred, function-impairing stage by itself. Fibrosis is scar tissue formation, which can precede cirrhosis but doesn’t always entail the irreversible loss of function seen in cirrhosis. Jaundice is a symptom from impaired bilirubin processing, not the consequence of chronic scarring with functional loss.