Swelling (inflammation) of the large intestine (colon).

• A. Colitis
• B. Enteritis
• C. Proctitis
• D. Gastritis

Answer: (A)

Inflammation of the large intestine is called colitis. The colon is the portion of the intestine responsible for absorbing water and forming stools, so when its lining becomes inflamed, you get swelling and irritation typical of colitis, with symptoms like cramps and diarrhea that may include blood or mucus. The other terms refer to other parts: enteritis is inflammation of the small intestine, proctitis is inflammation of the rectum, and gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining. Thus, swelling of the colon aligns with colitis.