Inflammation of the gallbladder; RUQ ultrasound can visualize it.

• A. Cholelithiasis
• B. Cholecystitis
• C. Hepatitis
• D. Pancreatitis

Answer: (B)

The main idea is recognizing inflammation of the gallbladder and how ultrasound helps confirm it. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, and a RUQ ultrasound is well suited to visualize it because it can show gallbladder wall thickening (typically >3 mm), possible pericholecystic fluid, and gallstones that may be triggering the inflammation. The presence of these ultrasound findings supports cholecystitis, especially when the gallbladder wall appears thickened and a patient has compatible symptoms.

In contrast, cholelithiasis refers to gallstones themselves and may cause biliary pain without signs of inflammation on ultrasound. Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver rather than the gallbladder, and pancreatitis involves the pancreas (though biliary causes can be evaluated with RUQ imaging). So when the question points to gallbladder inflammation visible on RUQ ultrasound, the correct idea is cholecystitis.